Issue 31202: Windows pathlib.Path.glob(pattern) fixed part of the pattern changed to lowercase whereas it should be unchanged.

Windows pathlib.Path.glob(pattern) fixed part of the pattern to lowercase whereas it should be unchanged.
Note that this issue is different from http://bugs.python.org/issue26655 : "pathlib glob case sensitivity issue on Windows" where it was asked to get the actual case of the folder from the file system.

Assuming a directory contains a folder named 'Folder'.
On Windows, calling pathlib.Path().glob('Folder') gives 'folder', but 'Folde?' will return 'Folder'
This is an issue for instance if trying to glob files to put them in an archive to be sent to a case sensitive platform.
glob.glob() does behave properly though, Windows pathlib.Path is the only platform which has such a behavior.

I would expect Path.glob to output the same as glob.glob() for each platform.
From comments on http://bugs.python.org/issue19718 : "Path.glob() on case-insensitive Posix filesystems" it sounds that it should even match the native shell behavior.
And it looks like it is the case for linux and macOS, I tested that with the following script, whose results on win32, darwin and linux platforms follow:

```
#!/usr/bin/env python3.6
# Let's say this path exists : ./Folder/file
from pathlib import Path
import glob
import os
import sys
import subprocess

def ls(pattern):
    if sys.platform in ('win32', 'win64'):
        process = subprocess.run(['powershell', '-Command', f'dir {pattern}'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, cwd=os.getcwd(), encoding='utf-8')
        if process.returncode:
            return []
        # expected output:
        # 
        # 
        #     Directory: C:\path_to\Folder
        # 
        # 
        # Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
        # ----                -------------         ------ ----
        # -a----       2017-08-14     10:16              0 file
        lines = process.stdout.splitlines()
        folder = os.path.basename(lines[2].split()[-1])
        file = lines[7].split()[-1]
        result = f"{folder}{os.path.sep}{file}"
        return [result]
    else:
        cmd = ['ls', f'{pattern}']
        process = subprocess.run(' '.join(cmd), stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, cwd=os.getcwd(), encoding='utf-8', shell=True)
        if process.returncode:
            return []
        return [process.stdout.strip()]

def main():
    print(sys.platform)
    p = Path('.')
    tests = ['Folder/*', 'FOlder/*', 'F?lder/*', 'FOlde?/*', 'folder/*', 'f?lder/*']
    for t in tests:
        print(f'{t}:')
        print(f'    Path.glob():  {[str(f) for f in p.glob(t)]}')
        print(f'    glob.glob():  {[f for f in glob.glob(str(p/t))]}')
        print(f'    shell:        {ls(str(p/t))}')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
```

```
Output:
        win32                                            darwin                                        linux
1:      Folder/*:                                        Folder/*:                                     Folder/*:
1a:         Path.glob():  ['folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  ['Folder/file']                 Path.glob():  ['Folder/file']
1b:         glob.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   glob.glob():  ['Folder/file']                 glob.glob():  ['Folder/file']
1c:         shell:        ['Folder\\file']                   shell:        ['Folder/file']                 shell:        ['Folder/file']
2:      FOlder/*:                                        FOlder/*:                                     FOlder/*:
2a:         Path.glob():  ['folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  ['FOlder/file']                 Path.glob():  []
2b:         glob.glob():  ['FOlder\\file']                   glob.glob():  ['FOlder/file']                 glob.glob():  []
2c:         shell:        ['FOlder\\file']                   shell:        ['FOlder/file']                 shell:        []
3:      F?lder/*:                                        F?lder/*:                                     F?lder/*:
3a:         Path.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  ['Folder/file']                 Path.glob():  ['Folder/file']
3b:         glob.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   glob.glob():  ['Folder/file']                 glob.glob():  ['Folder/file']
3c:         shell:        ['Folder\\file']                   shell:        ['Folder/file']                 shell:        ['Folder/file']
4:      FOlde?/*:                                        FOlde?/*:                                     FOlde?/*:
4a:         Path.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  []                              Path.glob():  []
4b:         glob.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   glob.glob():  []                              glob.glob():  []
4c:         shell:        ['Folder\\file']                   shell:        []                              shell:        []
5:      folder/*:                                        folder/*:                                     folder/*:
5a:         Path.glob():  ['folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  ['folder/file']                 Path.glob():  []
5b:         glob.glob():  ['folder\\file']                   glob.glob():  ['folder/file']                 glob.glob():  []
5c:         shell:        ['folder\\file']                   shell:        ['folder/file']                 shell:        []
6:      f?lder/*:                                        f?lder/*:                                     f?lder/*:
6a:         Path.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   Path.glob():  []                              Path.glob():  []
6b:         glob.glob():  ['Folder\\file']                   glob.glob():  []                              glob.glob():  []
6c:         shell:        ['Folder\\file']                   shell:        []                              shell:        []
```

Bumping this - it's bitten me a couple of times as one of the build/release scripts relies on Path.glob().

New changeset 10ecbadb799ddf3393d1fc80119a3db14724d381 by Serhiy Storchaka in branch 'master':
bpo-31202: Preserve case of literal parts in Path.glob() on Windows. (GH-16860)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/10ecbadb799ddf3393d1fc80119a3db14724d381

New changeset 175abccbbfccb2f6489dc5c73f4630c1b25ce504 by Miss Skeleton (bot) in branch '3.7':
bpo-31202: Preserve case of literal parts in Path.glob() on Windows. (GH-16860)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/175abccbbfccb2f6489dc5c73f4630c1b25ce504

New changeset 2f8d4f08e2fa62cd5c3f6f824be3e7513ff87e07 by Miss Skeleton (bot) in branch '3.8':
bpo-31202: Preserve case of literal parts in Path.glob() on Windows. (GH-16860)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/2f8d4f08e2fa62cd5c3f6f824be3e7513ff87e07

Can this be closed?

I think so, the original PR has been ported to 3.9, 3.8, 3.7, and all the PRs were merged.

Yeah, looks done.

stage: patch review -> resolved